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A filling is a way to restore a tooth damaged by decay back to its normal function and shape. By closing off spaces where bacteria can enter, a filling also helps prevent further decay. Materials used for fillings include gold, porcelain, a composite resin (tooth-colored fillings), and an amalgam (an alloy of mercury, silver, copper, tin and sometimes zinc).
Better than the traditional silver-mercury fillings, tooth-coloured fillings are a new addition to the tooth-filling materials. They are known as composite fillings which are stronger, more aesthetic, and can be worked upon for longer periods before being set inside the tooth.Composite fillings are typically used to treat cavities, chipped or broken teeth, and other types of tooth damage. The material is applied to the affected tooth in layers, and each layer is hardened with a special light. Once the filling is in place, it is shaped and polished to match the surrounding teeth.They can be used in both anterior and posterior filling and restoration.
Generally, when the bacteria first attacks the tooth it does not directly progress to the pulp. It starts from the top layer of the tooth (enamel) then progresses to the second layer (dentin) and then to the pulp. The aim of tooth filling is to stop the cavity progression and stop the decay before it reaches the pulp because once the decay infected the pulp, tooth filling will not suffice and the tooth has to undergo root canal treatment.
